"bane" meaning in Middle English

See bane in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈbaːn(ə)/, /ˈbɔ̞ːn(ə)/ (note: West Midland) Forms: banes [plural], ban [alternative], bayn [alternative], beone [alternative], bone [alternative]
Etymology: Inherited from Old English bana, from Proto-West Germanic *banō, from Proto-Germanic *banô. Etymology templates: {{root|enm|ine-pro|*gʷʰen-}}, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|bana|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English bana, {{inh+|enm|ang|bana}} Inherited from Old English bana, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*banō}} Proto-West Germanic *banō, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*banô}} Proto-Germanic *banô Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} bane, {{enm-noun}} bane (plural banes)
  1. murderer, slayer
    Sense id: en-bane-enm-noun-ZmxVSk3p
  2. bane, destroyer
    Sense id: en-bane-enm-noun-ZVP3xd2u
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|bone}} Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|altform=1}} bane
  1. alternative form of bon (“bone”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: bon (extra: bone)
    Sense id: en-bane-enm-noun-lrBYrisN Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 11 9 79
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "bane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "bane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "baine"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "bain"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "bayn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "bone"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰen-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bana",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bana",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bana"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English bana",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*banō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *banō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*banô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *banô",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English bana, from Proto-West Germanic *banō, from Proto-Germanic *banô.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "banes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ban",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bayn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beone",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bone",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bane",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bane (plural banes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "murderer, slayer"
      ],
      "id": "en-bane-enm-noun-ZmxVSk3p",
      "links": [
        [
          "murderer",
          "murderer"
        ],
        [
          "slayer",
          "slayer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bane, destroyer"
      ],
      "id": "en-bane-enm-noun-ZVP3xd2u",
      "links": [
        [
          "bane",
          "bane"
        ],
        [
          "destroyer",
          "destroyer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbaːn(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔ̞ːn(ə)/",
      "note": "West Midland"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bane"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "bone"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "bane",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "bone",
          "word": "bon"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 9 79",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of bon (“bone”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-bane-enm-noun-lrBYrisN",
      "links": [
        [
          "bon",
          "bon#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bane"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰen-",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 17 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "bane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "bane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "baine"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "bain"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "bayn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "bone"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰen-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bana",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bana",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bana"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English bana",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*banō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *banō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*banô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *banô",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English bana, from Proto-West Germanic *banō, from Proto-Germanic *banô.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "banes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ban",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bayn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beone",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bone",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bane",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bane (plural banes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "murderer, slayer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "murderer",
          "murderer"
        ],
        [
          "slayer",
          "slayer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bane, destroyer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bane",
          "bane"
        ],
        [
          "destroyer",
          "destroyer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbaːn(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔ̞ːn(ə)/",
      "note": "West Midland"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bane"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 17 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "bone"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "bane",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "bone",
          "word": "bon"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of bon (“bone”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bon",
          "bon#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bane"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bane meaning in Middle English (3.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.